The subj relation
#
Universal #
The subj relation is used for all subjects, regardless of their form (nominal or verbal). This relationship encompasses both the nsubj and csubj relationships as defined by UD, as the following examples show.
English
Deep syntactic features #
The subj relation has two deep syntactic sub-relations. The sub-relation subj@expl is used to indicate that the subject is present to fill in an obligatory syntactic position and has no semantic value. You can find more information about the expletive constructions on this
page.
French
Meanwhile, the sub-relation subj@pass is used to indicate a passive construction. This sub-relation can be used for both standard passive constructions, and for mediopassive constructions.
You can find more information about passive constructions on this
page.
Passive constructions #
English
French
Mediopassive constructions #
Czech
French
Russian
french #
Overview #
The subj in french is usualy between a VERB or anAUX (often the root) and a nominal group ( NOUN, PROPN or PRON). You can see all the pattern in this table. In french, we can have three deep syntactic sub-relations :
@ pass : expressing a passiv subject @ expl : expressing an expletiv subject @ caus :: expressing a causative construction
Specific Pattern #
passive subject #
Description: Exemple of a passiv subject in french.
Pattern: GOV-[subj@pass]->DEP
causativ subject #
Description: Exemple of a causativ subject in french.
Pattern: GOV-[subj@caus]->DEP
expletiv subject #
Description: Exemple of an expletiv subject in french.
Pattern: GOV-[subj@expl]->DEP
Tables #
Here is the table where you can find the pattern in the treebanks.
haitien #
Overview #
In Haitian creole The subj relation is used for all subjects, regardless of their form. The subj label in Haitian Creole is usually used to mark relations between a VERB and a nominal group ( NOUN, PROPN or PRON). You can see all the patterns in the table below.
Specific Pattern #
Causative construction with ADP governor #
Description: In Haitian Creole a causative construction can be expressed with ADP in the role of the root instead of a VERB or an AUX. Then the governor of the subj is an ADP.
Pattern: GOV -[subj]-> DEP; GOV[upos=ADP]
Tables #
Here is the table where you can find the pattern in the treebanks.